In one study described in the textbook, Israeli and American researchers related the leniency of judges' decisions to the length of time since the judges had eaten. The focus on relating variables means that this study exemplifies _____ research.

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The study described in the textbook relates two variables (judges' decisions and length of time since they had eaten) and examines the relationship between them. This indicates that the study is correlational research, as it is focused on measuring the degree of association between variables without manipulating them.

In One Study Described in the Textbook, Israeli and American