Showing favoritism or hostility toward others based on their affiliation with a group is called:

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Discrimination is the act of treating individuals unfairly due to their affiliation with a particular group. Prejudice refers to a preconceived negative opinion about someone based on their group identity, but does not necessarily involve discriminatory behavior. Ethnocentrism is the belief that one's own cultural group is superior to others. Stereotyping involves making assumptions about individuals based on their group membership. While all of these concepts are related to group identity, discrimination specifically refers to unfair treatment.

Showing Favoritism or Hostility Toward Others Based on Their Affiliation