Which of the following statements about craniates is (are)correct?
1) Craniates are more highly cephalized than are non-craniates.
2) Craniates' genomic evolution includes duplication of clusters of genes that code for transcription factors.
3) The craniate clade is synonymous with the vertebrate clade.
4) Pharyngeal slits that can assist in gas exchange originated in craniates,
5) The two-chambered heart originated with the early craniates.
A)1 only
B)1 and 3
C)2, 4, and 5
D)1, 2, 4, and 5
E)1, 3, 4, and 5

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

1) Craniates do have a more highly developed head compared to non-craniates.
2) Craniates' genomic evolution includes duplication of clusters of genes that code for transcription factors. This resulted in more complex regulatory networks.
3) The craniate clade includes vertebrates but also includes some primitive groups that lack a vertebral column.
4) Pharyngeal slits that can assist in gas exchange originated in craniates, which were the first to evolve these structures.
5) The two-chambered heart originated with the early craniates but this structure was later replaced by more efficient, multi-chambered hearts in some groups of vertebrates.

Which of the Following Statements About Craniates Is (Are)correct