Jake's parents tell him that he is a "big strong brave little man," while they tell his little sister that she is "sweet, kind, and polite." These favored patterns of behavior being taught by the parents are called

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Gender roles refer to the societal norms dictating the types of behaviors that are considered acceptable, appropriate, or desirable for people based on their actual or perceived sex or gender. Jake's parents are reinforcing traditional gender roles by encouraging him to be "big, strong, and brave" (traits often associated with masculinity) and his sister to be "sweet, kind, and polite" (traits often associated with femininity).

Jake's Parents Tell Him That He Is a "Big Strong