What approach did John F.Kennedy,Jimmy Carter,and Bill Clinton use in managing the White House staff?

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The three presidents mentioned-John F. Kennedy, Jimmy Carter, and Bill Clinton employed a collegial approach in managing their White House staff. They believed in making the staff feel like a team and fostering a collaborative work environment. They also relied on a more horizontal organization structure than a vertical one, to encourage free flow of ideas and open communication between staff members. This was particularly the case with Clinton, who applied a "hub-and-spokes" model where different senior advisers were linked by a strong central chief of staff who coordinated and monitored decision-making. Overall, the collegial approach makes the staff feel valued, improves their productivity, and ultimately benefits the president by providing more diverse opinion and better formulation of policies.

What Approach Did John F