The greatest factor behind the New World's large population decrease after the arrival of the Europeans was

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The arrival of Europeans and their diseases, such as smallpox, wiped out a significant portion of the New World's population. Estimates suggest that up to 90% of the population died from diseases brought by Europeans. While war, genocide, and migration also occurred, disease was the primary factor behind the population decrease. Suicide is not a significant factor.

The Greatest Factor Behind the New World's Large Population Decrease