A modification to the Brownian process that permits mean reversion is called:

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The Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process is a modified Brownian process that adds mean reversion. It is commonly used in finance to model asset prices, where there is often an underlying tendency for prices to revert to a long-term mean or trend. Option B is incorrect because diffusion refers to the general type of process that Brownian motion belongs to, but does not specifically include mean reversion. Option C is incorrect because the Ito calculus is a mathematical tool used to analyze stochastic processes including Brownian motion, but does not refer to a specific modified process with mean reversion. Option D is incorrect because the geometric process refers to a process where the growth rate is constant, but does not include mean reversion.

A Modification to the Brownian Process That Permits Mean Reversion