The covenant theory from which the Puritans drew their ideas contained:

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The covenant theory did contain certain kernels of democracy in both church and state. The idea of a covenant between God and his people meant that the people were bound together by a mutual agreement, and this included the idea of consent to be governed. This idea of consent to be governed paved the way for democratic principles in both church and state. However, it did not justify the strict theocracy established in New England, nor did it place the king as the head of the government. It also did not absolve individuals of sin upon entering the church.

The Covenant Theory from Which the Puritans Drew Their Ideas