A sedimentary rock that is comprised largely of clays and breaks easily into flakes or plates is a:

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A rock comprised largely of clays that breaks into flakes or plates is called shale. Mudstone and claystone are similar, but they are not known for flaking or breaking into plates like shale. Siltstone is composed primarily of sand-sized grains, not clays. Conglomerate is a rock made up of rounded pebbles or gravel, not clays.

A Sedimentary Rock That Is Comprised Largely of Clays and Breaks