If two modern organisms are distantly related in an evolutionary sense, then one should expect that
A) they live in very different habitats.
B) they should share fewer homologous structures than two more closely related organisms.
C) their chromosomes should be very similar.
D) they shared a common ancestor relatively recently.
E) they should be members of the same genus.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The less related two organisms are, the less homologous structures (trait similarities due to shared ancestry) they share. This is because as new species evolve, they develop new traits that may not have been present in their common ancestor.

Answer: D 
 The more distantly related two organisms are, the longer ago they had a common ancestor. Conversely, closely related organisms share a more recent common ancestor.

A, C, and E are not necessarily true statements in all cases of distantly related organisms.

If Two Modern Organisms Are Distantly Related in an Evolutionary