Members of two different species possess a similar-looking structure that they use in a similar fashion to perform the same function. Which information would best help distinguish between an explanation based on homology versus one based on convergent evolution?
A) The two species live at great distance from each other.
B) The two species share many proteins in common, and the nucleotide sequences that code for these proteins are almost identical.
C) The sizes of the structures in adult members of both species are similar in size.
D) Both species are well adapted to their particular environments.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Homology refers to similarities between species that arise from a common ancestor, which is best supported by genetic evidence such as shared proteins and nearly identical nucleotide sequences. Convergent evolution, on the other hand, refers to the independent evolution of similar traits in species of different lineages, often as a result of adapting to similar environments or ecological niches, without a common genetic basis for the trait.

Members of Two Different Species Possess a Similar-Looking Structure That