What did the metaphor of a "black box" symbolize in experimental research?

Question

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The metaphor of a "black box" symbolizes the unknown, intermediary steps in the study implementation process that account for the experiment effects. Just like how the inner workings of a black box in an airplane are unknown to most people, the process by which a study produces its outcomes can also be mysterious to researchers. It is therefore important for researchers to try and understand the "black box" of a study by examining and controlling the different factors involved.

What Did the Metaphor of a "Black Box" Symbolize in Experimental