Perhaps the most profound work of science published during the latter half of the 19th century was

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Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species is widely considered to be one of the most influential scientific works of all time, as it introduced the theory of evolution through natural selection. This theory had significant implications for fields ranging from biology and anthropology to philosophy and theology, and continues to have an impact on scientific thought today. Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin, de Tocqueville's Thoughts on America, Sagan's Cosmos, and Sinclair's The Jungle are all important works in their own right, but none had the same level of impact on science as Darwin's Origin.

Perhaps the Most Profound Work of Science Published During the Latter