The first Supreme Court case to tackle the separate but equal standard in the 20th century was

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Sweatt v. Painter was the first Supreme Court case to challenge the "separate but equal" doctrine in the 20th century. The Court found that the separate law school for African Americans in Texas was not equal to the white law school and ordered it to be integrated. Plessy v. Ferguson established the "separate but equal" doctrine, Brown v. Board of Education overturned it, and William v. McKinley and Hill v. Stone are not relevant cases.

The First Supreme Court Case to Tackle the Separate but Equal