Sickle-cell anemia can be caused by

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Sickle-cell anemia is an inherited condition resulting from a mutation in the HBB gene, which provides instructions for making beta-globin. This mutation leads to the formation of abnormal hemoglobin, which causes red blood cells to become stiff and form a sickle shape, leading to various health complications. Severe hemorrhage, damage to blood-forming elements in the bone marrow, and a lack of vitamin B12 are not known causes of sickle-cell anemia.

Sickle-Cell Anemia Can Be Caused by