The idea that electrons are found in areas of probability distribution around the nucleus was first proposed by Niels Bohr.

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The idea that electrons are found in areas of probability distribution, known as "electron clouds" or "orbitals," was first proposed by Erwin Schrödinger in 1926, in what is now known as the Schrödinger wave equation. Niels Bohr's model of the atom, proposed in 1913, placed electrons in discrete orbits around the nucleus, but did not address the idea of electron probability distributions.

The Idea That Electrons Are Found in Areas of Probability