It can be said that both primary and secondary succession are examples of natural ecological restoration.

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Both primary and secondary succession involve the natural process of ecological restoration, where an ecosystem is gradually rebuilt after a disturbance or disruption. Primary succession occurs where no ecosystem existed before, such as on bare rock or sand, while secondary succession happens after a disturbance such as a fire or flood, where the ecological community has been partially or completely destroyed. Both types of succession involve the gradual colonization of plant and animal species, the development of soil and nutrient cycles, and the establishment of a stable ecosystem over time.

It Can Be Said That Both Primary and Secondary Succession