The terms inertia and stability, with respect to ecosystems, are mutually exclusive.

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Inertia refers to the tendency of an ecosystem to resist change, while stability refers to the ability of an ecosystem to maintain its structure and function in the face of disturbances. These concepts are not mutually exclusive, as an ecosystem can exhibit both high inertia and high stability. For example, a mature forest ecosystem may be highly resistant to change (high inertia), but can still maintain its structure and function over time (high stability).

The Terms Inertia and Stability, with Respect to Ecosystems, Are