When the productive potential of soil, especially on arid or semiarid land, falls by 10% or more because of prolonged drought and human activities, it is called

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Desertification refers to the degradation of soil and reduction of its productivity due to prolonged drought, climate change, deforestation, overgrazing, and other human activities in arid or semiarid regions. Salinization refers to the accumulation of salts in the soil, waterlogging is the saturation of soil with water, and soil erosion is the loss of topsoil due to natural forces or human activities. Overgrazing is a contributing factor to desertification but is not specific to it.

When the Productive Potential of Soil, Especially on Arid or Semiarid