Settlement houses had dual functions: They were neighborhood resources for immigrants and working-class residents, while they also actively participated in the progressive political agenda nationwide.

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Settlement houses were established to provide various services for immigrants and working-class residents, such as education, healthcare, and recreation. However, settlement workers also took an active role in advocating for social reforms and progressive policies on a national level, such as labor protections, child welfare, and women's suffrage. Thus, settlement houses had dual functions as both community centers and reform-minded organizations.

Settlement Houses Had Dual Functions: They Were Neighborhood Resources for Immigrants