When information is gathered by researchers and there are no identifying characteristics allowing the researchers to match up results to individual subjects,this illustrates:

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Anonymity refers to a situation where the identity of research participants is unknown to the researchers, ensuring that no personal identifying information is collected. This is different from confidentiality, which involves collecting personal identifying information but keeping the information confidential and not disclosing it to others. The absence of deception and assurance of voluntary participation are also important ethical considerations in research, but they are not directly related to the issue of anonymity.

When Information Is Gathered by Researchers and There Are No