A nurse determines that a patient is prepared for surgery if that patient:

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If patient does not have an indwelling catheter,assist him or her in voiding before receiving preoperative medication.This prevents incontinence and bladder distention during surgery and urinary retention with overflow postoperatively.Preoperative medication causes drowsiness and decreased voiding sensation.
Instruct patient on need and rationale for ingesting nothing by mouth (NPO)for period specified before surgery.Have patient repeat preoperative instructions and demonstrate postoperative exercises.Assess vital signs immediately before going to operating room.Increased heart rate and blood pressure,dilated pupils,dry mouth,increased sweating,and muscle rigidity or shaking are responses to stress and anxiety.

A Nurse Determines That a Patient Is Prepared for Surgery