Which statement is a primary and historical barrier to effective nurse-physician collaboration that has persisted over time?

Question

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A) A primary and historical barrier to effective nurse-physician collaboration has been nurses' and physicians' perceptions of inequity in their roles, with nurses assuming a subservient role and medical providers perceiving their role to be superior in the provision of healthcare services. Evidence does not suggest that the general population views nurses' contributions to the care of clients as less important, thus this is not considered a primary barrier to nurse-physician collaboration. Likewise, because health professional students are in fact educated about the benefits of collaborative practice and published evidence has documented the effectiveness of collaboration in improving client outcomes, these are not barriers to collaboration. In addition, the federal government, as evidenced in particular by the Healthy People initiative, has promoted collaborative efforts among clients, nurses, physicians, other healthcare providers, and the larger community to improve the health of the U.S. population.
B) A primary and historical barrier to effective nurse-physician collaboration has been nurses' and physicians' perceptions of inequity in their roles, with nurses assuming a subservient role and medical providers perceiving their role to be superior in the provision of healthcare services. Evidence does not suggest that the general population views nurses' contributions to the care of clients as less important, thus this is not considered a primary barrier to nurse-physician collaboration. Likewise, because health professional students are in fact educated about the benefits of collaborative practice and published evidence has documented the effectiveness of collaboration in improving client outcomes, these are not barriers to collaboration. In addition, the federal government, as evidenced in particular by the Healthy People initiative, has promoted collaborative efforts among clients, nurses, physicians, other healthcare providers, and the larger community to improve the health of the U.S. population.
C) A primary and historical barrier to effective nurse-physician collaboration has been nurses' and physicians' perceptions of inequity in their roles, with nurses assuming a subservient role and medical providers perceiving their role to be superior in the provision of healthcare services. Evidence does not suggest that the general population views nurses' contributions to the care of clients as less important, thus this is not considered a primary barrier to nurse-physician collaboration. Likewise, because health professional students are in fact educated about the benefits of collaborative practice and published evidence has documented the effectiveness of collaboration in improving client outcomes, these are not barriers to collaboration. In addition, the federal government, as evidenced in particular by the Healthy People initiative, has promoted collaborative efforts among clients, nurses, physicians, other healthcare providers, and the larger community to improve the health of the U.S. population.
D) A primary and historical barrier to effective nurse-physician collaboration has been nurses' and physicians' perceptions of inequity in their roles, with nurses assuming a subservient role and medical providers perceiving their role to be superior in the provision of healthcare services. Evidence does not suggest that the general population views nurses' contributions to the care of clients as less important, thus this is not considered a primary barrier to nurse-physician collaboration. Likewise, because health professional students are in fact educated about the benefits of collaborative practice and published evidence has documented the effectiveness of collaboration in improving client outcomes, these are not barriers to collaboration. In addition, the federal government, as evidenced in particular by the Healthy People initiative, has promoted collaborative efforts among clients, nurses, physicians, other healthcare providers, and the larger community to improve the health of the U.S. population.
E) A primary and historical barrier to effective nurse-physician collaboration has been nurses' and physicians' perceptions of inequity in their roles, with nurses assuming a subservient role and medical providers perceiving their role to be superior in the provision of healthcare services. Evidence does not suggest that the general population views nurses' contributions to the care of clients as less important, thus this is not considered a primary barrier to nurse-physician collaboration. Likewise, because health professional students are in fact educated about the benefits of collaborative practice and published evidence has documented the effectiveness of collaboration in improving client outcomes, these are not barriers to collaboration. In addition, the federal government, as evidenced in particular by the Healthy People initiative, has promoted collaborative efforts among clients, nurses, physicians, other healthcare providers, and the larger community to improve the health of the U.S. population.

Which Statement Is a Primary and Historical Barrier to Effective