To accurately conclude that changes in the dependent variable are caused by variations in the independent variable, researchers need to ensure that the independent variable is the only thing that changes systematically in an experiment.

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This is a fundamental principle of experimental design and is known as controlling for extraneous variables. By controlling for all other variables, researchers can conclude that any changes in the dependent variable are due to variations in the independent variable.

To Accurately Conclude That Changes in the Dependent Variable Are