Karen Allen had female students attempt to solve relatively difficult math problems.Some of the participants had their dog with them while they worked on the problems, while others had a close friend with them.The researchers measured each participant's stress-related arousal.In this study the dependent variable was:

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The dependent variable in the study was the amount of stress-related arousal that the participants displayed, which was measured by the researchers. The independent variable was whether the participant had their dog or a close friend present while they worked on the math problems. The other options listed (B, C, and D) were not the dependent variable in this study.

Karen Allen Had Female Students Attempt to Solve Relatively Difficult