As a result of large body surface in relation to weight,the preterm infant is at high risk for heat loss and cold stress.In understanding the four mechanisms of heat transfer (convection,conduction,radiation,and evaporation)the nurse can create an environment for the infant that prevents temperature instability.While evaluating the plan that has been implemented,the nurse knows that the infant is experiencing cold stress when he or she exhibits:
A)Decreased respiratory rate
B)Bradycardia followed by an increased heart rate
C)Mottled skin with acrocyanosis
D)Increased physical activity

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The infant has minimal to no fat stores.During times of cold stress the skin becomes mottled and acrocyanosis develops,progressing to cyanosis.Even if the infant is being cared for on a radiant warmer or in an isolette,the nurse's role is to observe the infant frequently in order to prevent heat loss and respond quickly if signs and symptoms occur.The respiratory rate increases followed by periods of apnea.The infant initially tries to conserve heat and burns more calories,after which the metabolic system goes into overdrive.In the preterm infant experiencing heat loss,the heart rate initially increases followed by periods of bradycardia.In the term infant the natural response to heat loss is increased physical activity.However,in a term infant experiencing respiratory distress or in a preterm infant,physical activity is decreased.

As a Result of Large Body Surface in Relation to Weight,the