Which court case laid the legal framework allowing independent expenditures by interest groups?

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The court case Buckley v. Valeo established the legal framework that allows interest groups to make independent expenditures in political campaigns. This decision upheld the right of individuals and organizations to spend their own money on political activities, including advertising and supporting political candidates, without restrictions on the amount they could spend. The ruling also established the distinction between independent expenditures and direct contributions to candidates, which are subject to stricter limits and disclosure requirements.

Which Court Case Laid the Legal Framework Allowing Independent Expenditures