What was the most widely used device to bring prisoners' complaints before state and federal courts in the late 1960s?

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The most widely used device to bring prisoners' complaints before state and federal courts in the late 1960s was the Federal Civil Rights Act, 42 U.S.C. 1983. This law allows individuals to sue state and local government officials, including corrections officers and prison administrators, for violations of their constitutional rights. It has been used by many prisoners to challenge conditions of confinement, such as overcrowding and inadequate medical care, as well as individual acts of abuse by prison staff.

What Was the Most Widely Used Device to Bring Prisoners