The concept of the chronic career offender is most closely associated with the research efforts of _____.

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The concept of the chronic career offender, which refers to individuals who repeatedly engage in criminal behavior throughout their lives, is most closely associated with the research efforts of Marvin Wolfgang. Wolfgang's research focused on the Philadelphia cohort, which was a group of delinquent youths who were tracked throughout their lives to study patterns of criminal behavior. He found that a small percentage of the cohort, which he referred to as chronic offenders, were responsible for a disproportionate amount of the group's criminal behavior.

The Concept of the Chronic Career Offender Is Most Closely