Question 1

When we use gender stereotypes in interactions with others ______.

Accepted Answer

Using gender stereotypes can lead to biased judgments and perpetuate harmful gender norms and inequalities. It does not benefit one gender over the other and does not necessarily solve gender-based problems using facts.

Question 2

Which style of leadership is beneficial for women to use if they want to successfully navigate the leadership labyrinth?

Accepted Answer

Transformational leadership is beneficial for women aiming to navigate the leadership labyrinth effectively. This style focuses on inspiring and motivating followers to achieve beyond their perceived limitations and emphasizes positive changes. It aligns well with many qualities women leaders often exhibit, such as empathy, strong communication, and the ability to foster positive relationships, making it a strategic choice for overcoming barriers and biases in leadership roles.

Question 3

Research has found that gender bias and leadership ______.

Accepted Answer

Research has found that gender bias and leadership is subtle, meaning it is often unconscious and difficult to detect. Studies have shown that both men and women are prone to gender bias, and it can affect hiring, promotion, and overall perceptions of leadership ability. While there may be aspects of leadership associated with masculinity or femininity, true leadership ability should be recognized based on merit and skill, rather than gender stereotypes.

Question 4

A criticism of the gender and leadership discussion is ______.

Accepted Answer

Studying gender alone limits our understanding of leadership in other diversity demographics such as race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and socio-economic status. It is important to consider intersectionality when exploring the impact of diversity on leadership.

Question 5

Applying role congruity theory,which is true about women in leadership roles?

Accepted Answer

Role congruity theory suggests that there is prejudice against female leaders because their stereotypical communal behaviors are incongruent with the male-dominated agentic leadership role. Therefore, women who exhibit communal behaviors are seen as less competent and less likely to be promoted than men. This can result in a glass ceiling for women in leadership roles.

Question 6

Which of the following is a communal characteristic?

Accepted Answer

Sensitivity is a communal characteristic as it involves being empathetic and understanding towards others. Confidence, assertiveness and rationality are more individualistic characteristics that relate to personal beliefs and attitudes.

Question 7

When women use negotiation tactics to promote themselves in obtaining leadership positions,______.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that women who use negotiation tactics to promote themselves in obtaining leadership positions face greater social costs than men. These costs include being viewed as "pushy" or "bossy," which can harm their career prospects and social standing. While negotiation tactics can still be successful for women, they often come with more negative consequences than the same tactics used by men.

Question 8

Gender-biased prejudice is defined as ______.

Accepted Answer

Gender-biased prejudice is a bias or discrimination against individuals based on their gender and is often based on stereotypical characteristics attributed to gender. Choice A is incorrect because it suggests that bias is based on scientifically proven differences between genders, which is not always the case. Choice B and C are incorrect because they only address bias related to leadership roles, and do not encompass all gender biases.

Question 9

Supportive mentoring and networking for women are helpful in ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Supportive mentoring and networking for women are...

Question 10

Responses women have to gender-based stereotypes depend on which of the following factors?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Responses women have to gender-based stereotypes depend...

Question 11

Women respond to the gender-based leadership stereotype by ______.

Accepted Answer

Women respond to the gender-based leadership stereotype by using more agentic characteristics, such as assertiveness and task orientation, to counteract the perception that women are less competent or less suited for leadership roles.

Question 12

Taking gender stereotypes into account,women in leadership roles face a cross-pressure to ______.

Accepted Answer

Women in leadership roles often face the expectation to exhibit masculine traits associated with leadership, such as assertiveness, but if they appear too masculine, they can face backlash for not conforming to feminine stereotypes. This creates a delicate balance where they must appear masculine, but not too manly.

Question 13

When women experience multiple gender-based threats,they are likely to respond with ______.

Accepted Answer

Deleterious vulnerability is a state of increased vulnerability to negative outcomes that can result from experiencing multiple gender-based threats.

Question 14

A tendency for a group to reproduce itself in its own image is the definition of ______.

Accepted Answer

Homosocial reproduction refers to the tendency for groups to select and promote people who are like themselves, leading to a lack of diversity and perpetuating the group's norms and values. Gender stereotyping refers to the generalizations and expectations about gender roles and behavior that can limit people's opportunities and actions. Agentic behavior refers to behavior that is assertive, competitive, and goal-oriented, which is often associated with men and can be seen as inconsistent with gender norms for women. Communal behavior refers to behavior that is nurturing, supportive, and relationship-oriented, which is often associated with women and can be seen as inconsistent with gender norms for men.

Question 15

Which is not a stereotype of gender influences on leadership?

Accepted Answer

Males are often stereotypically seen as having more agentic characteristics, such as being assertive and dominant, while females are seen as having more communal characteristics, such as being nurturing and supportive. However, saying that males have more communal characteristics is not a common stereotype.

Question 16

Many of the difficulties women face in navigating the labyrinth stem from ______.

Accepted Answer

The incongruity between gender roles and the leadership role creates challenges for women in navigating the labyrinth. This includes the societal expectation that women prioritize family and caretaking over career advancement, as well as the stereotype that leadership qualities are primarily masculine traits. Male dominance behaviors (A) can contribute to these challenges, but they are not the root cause. A lack of education and experience (C) may hinder some women, but it is not a universal struggle for all women in leadership positions. Lastly, D is incorrect as it is not an accurate statement, but rather a stereotype about women's ability to succeed in upper-leadership roles.

Question 17

Approximately what percentage of all privately owned businesses are owned by women?

Accepted Answer

Approximately 40% of all privately owned businesses are owned by women, reflecting the growing trend of female entrepreneurship.

Question 18

The double standard women face in leadership roles is ______.

Accepted Answer

Women in leadership roles often face a double standard where they are expected to demonstrate competence in their roles while also adhering to traditional feminine behaviors and characteristics.

Question 19

A strength of studying the research on gender and leadership is ______.

Accepted Answer

One strength of studying the research on gender and leadership is that contemporary notions of effective leadership styles are now more androgynous, meaning that both stereotypically masculine and feminine traits are valued in leaders. This can lead to greater opportunities for women to attain leadership positions and break down gender barriers in the workplace.

Question 20

What is one difficulty women have in achieving higher-level leadership positions?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that women often face challenges in negotiating for valued positions and salaries, which can contribute to difficulty in achieving higher-level leadership positions. The other options are not accurate or do not fully explain the challenges women face in leadership positions.

Quiz 15: Gender and Leadership