A gradual shift in party coalitions that is based more on demographic shifts than on shocks to the political system is known as a __________ realignment.

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A secular realignment refers to a slow change in party coalitions based on demographic shifts such as changes in population, migration patterns, or generational differences. This is different from a critical realignment, where a major event such as an economic crisis or major political scandal causes a sudden and dramatic shift in party allegiances. The terms "party realignment" and "piecemeal realignment" are not commonly used in political science literature.

A Gradual Shift in Party Coalitions That Is Based More