The body's first line of defense against pathogens includes

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Mucous membranes serve as a physical barrier to pathogens, preventing their entry into the body. They are present in the respiratory, digestive, and urinary tracts, as well as in the eyes and nose. Mucous membranes also produce mucus, which traps and helps to expel pathogens. B cells, macrophages, and mast cells are all parts of the immune system's response to pathogens, but they are not part of the body's first line of defense.

The Body's First Line of Defense Against Pathogens Includes