Arterial procedures,especially those that involve the aorta,may place the patient at risk for significant blood loss.A nursing diagnosis related to the care of patients undergoing vascular surgery is risk for deficient fluid volume related to loss of body fluids,with a nursing outcome stated as,"Fluid balance will be maintained as evidenced by postoperative pulses equivalent to preoperative level,hourly urine output of at least 30 mL,and good skin turgor." Select all the nursing interventions that are appropriate to this outcome.

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The perioperative nurse should confirm the availability of ordered blood-replacement products.The use of rapid infusion systems or blood salvage equipment should be determined and planned.Collaboration with the anesthesia provider and the surgeon should promote ongoing estimation and measurement of blood loss throughout the procedure; estimate blood loss on sponges and drapes; communicate to the anesthesia care provider and surgeon; initiate autotransfusion or use of an autologous blood salvage unit as required; record the amount of irrigation used; document the contents of the suction canisters; monitor and document hourly urine output (as applicable); communicate results of measurements; and collaborate with the collection and interpretation of intraoperative blood analyses.

Arterial Procedures,especially Those That Involve the Aorta,may Place the Patient