Cardiac surgery patients are at risk for decreased cardiac output related to emotional (fear),sensory (pain),or physiologic (electrical,mechanical,or structural)factors.Which outcome indicators will provide evidence that the patient's cardiac output will be consistent or improved?

Question

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The patient's cardiac function will be consistent with or improved from baseline levels established preoperatively as evidenced by hemodynamic indicators (blood pressure,oxygenation,ECG)within expected range; warm,dry skin; and urine output more than 30 mL/hr.

Cardiac Surgery Patients Are at Risk for Decreased Cardiac Output