The legal doctrine upon which Justice Cardozo based his decision in the Palsgraf case is the doctrine of:

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Justice Cardozo based his decision in the Palsgraf case on the doctrine of proximate cause and foreseeability. He held that the defendant, a railway company, was not liable to Mrs. Palsgraf because her injuries were not a foreseeable consequence of the defendant's conduct. Cardozo stated that a defendant is only liable for the consequences of their actions if those consequences are foreseeable based on the reasonable person's standard.

The Legal Doctrine Upon Which Justice Cardozo Based His Decision