(a)If,for every debit or credit in the balance of payments,an offsetting credit or debit,respectively,of an equal amount is entered,how can a nation have a deficit or a surplus in the balance of payments?
(b)How is a deficit of a surplus in the balance of payments measured?
(c)Why are the concepts and measurement of deficit or surplus not appropriate under a flexible exchange rate system?
(d)What is the difference between a disequilibrium and a deficit in the balance of payments?

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The Answer of (a)If,for every debit or credit in the balance of payments,an offsetting credit or debit,respectively,of an equal amount is entered,how can a nation have a deficit or a surplus in the balance of payments?
(b)How is a deficit of a surplus in the balance of payments measured?
(c)Why are the concepts and measurement of deficit or surplus not appropriate under a flexible exchange rate system?
(d)What is the difference between a disequilibrium and a deficit in the balance of payments?

(A)If,for Every Debit or Credit in the Balance of Payments,an