The device by which citizens can directly alter the laws or the constitution of their state is called the

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The device by which citizens can directly alter the laws or the constitution of their state is either through an initiative or a referendum. An initiative allows citizens to propose new laws or change existing ones, while a referendum allows citizens to vote on a law that has already been proposed or passed by the legislature. The recall is a device by which citizens can remove an elected official from office before their term is up, and voting is the general process by which citizens elect their representatives. However, neither of these directly allows citizens to alter laws or the constitution.

The Device by Which Citizens Can Directly Alter the Laws