Congress impeached Johnson because

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Radical Republicans in the House (led by Thaddeus Stevens and Benjamin Wade) charged Johnson with violating the Tenure of Office Act, which prohibited the president from firing certain officeholders without the Senate's consent. While the act was probably unconstitutional, the Republicans argued that Johnson's violation of it was a willful violation of the law, and therefore an impeachable offense. Johnson's actual "crime" was replacing Secretary of War Edwin Stanton (who had been appointed by Lincoln) with Lorenzo Thomas, which he did in order to provoke a constitutional crisis that would lead to a Supreme Court test of the Tenure of Office Act. The Senate acquitted Johnson by one vote, and he remained in office for the remainder of his term.

Congress Impeached Johnson Because