Gordon Gallup showed that apes respond to the "rouge test" just like older infants do, but monkeys do not. This result implies that

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The "rouge test" is a measure of self-recognition, and the fact that apes respond to it like older human infants suggests that they too have a sense of self-recognition. Therefore, choice D is the best answer. Choices A, B, and C are not supported by the evidence from Gallup's study.

Gordon Gallup Showed That Apes Respond to the "Rouge Test