Cleft lip or palate is a common congenital midline fissure,or opening,in the lip or palate resulting from failure of the primary palate to fuse. Multiple genetic and to a lesser extent environmental factors may lead to the development of a cleft lip or palate. Such factors include (choose all that apply):

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Factors that are associated with the potential development of cleft lip or palate are maternal infections,radiation exposure,corticosteroids,anticonvulsants,male gender,Native American or Asian descent,and smoking during pregnancy. Cleft lip is more common in male infants. Antibiotic use in pregnancy is not associated with the development of cleft lip or palate.

Cleft Lip or Palate Is a Common Congenital Midline Fissure,or