The nurse determines that the patient is at risk for atelectasis caused by pain from back surgery 3 hours ago.Which is the best goal for the nurse to help the patient achieve?

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Because of the cut back muscles,the patient is at risk for respiratory problems after surgery due to pain.The outcome reflects the patient's status and is stated in a manner that can be evaluated.The patient would benefit from intravenous morphine to manage pain because it is easier to control.He or she can receive small,frequent doses for pain instead of a single,large dose that is more likely to result in hypotension.There is no indication for a cooling mattress.In addition,both of these are nursing interventions.For the patient at risk for alteration in cardiac output,maintaining a positive fluid balance increases the risk of fluid volume overload and can cause heart failure in the patient until the fluid is removed.The term adequate cannot be evaluated.

The Nurse Determines That the Patient Is at Risk for Atelectasis