The _____ approach to motivation is based on the idea that employee beliefs about the relationship between effort and outcomes determine their level of motivation.

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The expectancy approach to motivation is based on the notion that employees' beliefs about the relationship between effort and outcomes determine their level of motivation. Expectancy theory, as it is referred to, suggests that a person's motivation to engage in a behavior is based upon the expectation of a desirable outcome resulting from that behavior. The theory involves three key elements: expectancy (the belief that effort will lead to performance), instrumentality (the belief that performance will lead to outcomes), and valence (the value that an individual places on the outcome).

The _____ Approach to Motivation Is Based on the Idea