A common finding in the study of aggression is that exposure to television is associated with increased aggressive behavior in children.You know this relationship may not be causal because you are not sure which occurred first-watching television or being aggressive.You are questioning which of the following rules of causation?
A) The rule of covariance
B) The rule of temporal precedence
C) The third-variable rule
D) All of the above rules
E) None of the above rules

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The rule of temporal precedence states that the cause must precede the effect. In this scenario, it is uncertain whether exposure to television or aggressive behavior occurred first, so we cannot establish a causal relationship. The other two rules, the rule of covariance and the third-variable rule, may not apply if temporal precedence is not established.

A Common Finding in the Study of Aggression Is That