What effect did changing conditions during the 80 years between 1851 and 1931 have on life expectancy at birth and at age 65?

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Changing conditions during the 80 years between 1851 and 1931, such as improvements in sanitation, medicine, and public health, led to a steady increase in life expectancy at birth and at age 65. By 1931, life expectancy at birth had increased to 58 years for males and 63 years for females, and life expectancy at age 65 had increased to 11 years for males and 13 years for females.

What Effect Did Changing Conditions During the 80 Years Between