A "clean" urine sample collected directly from the urinary bladder of a healthy individual
A)should be largely devoid of common skin microbiota.
B)contains fewer than 100 pathogens/ml.
C)contains fewer than 10,000 pathogens/ml.
D)contains more than 100,000 pathogens/ml.
E)has leukocyte esterase.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

A clean urine sample collected directly from the urinary bladder of a healthy individual should be largely free of any common skin microbiota. The urogenital tract has its own unique microbial community that is distinct from the skin flora. Thus, a clean sample should not contain any skin organisms that may contaminate the sample during collection.

Answer: B 
 A clean urine sample collected directly from the urinary bladder of a healthy individual should contain fewer than 100 pathogens/ml. A healthy urinary tract should not contain any pathogens, and the presence of even a few indicates a potential infection.

Answer: E 
 A clean urine sample collected directly from the urinary bladder of a healthy individual may contain leukocyte esterase, which is an enzyme produced by white blood cells in response to infection or inflammation. The presence of leukocyte esterase suggests the presence of white blood cells, which are a sign of an immune response and a potential infection. However, the absence of leukocyte esterase does not necessarily indicate a clean urine sample, as some infections may not trigger an immune response in this way.

Therefore, the best choices would be A and B as they correctly describe the characteristics of a clean urine sample.

A "Clean" Urine Sample Collected Directly from the Urinary Bladder