Monica Sorensen,a patient with end-stage pancreatic cancer,was admitted from hospice for a celiac plexus block to treat intractable pain.She had a Whipple procedure 18 months earlier and enjoyed good quality of life until 3 weeks ago.She wanted to be able to complete "getting her things in order" and saying good-bye to her friends and family while enjoying her last days pain-free.Monica insisted that her Do Not Resuscitate (DNR)status NOT be rescinded.She was conscious and competent and knew what was best for herself.Monica was taking full advantage of what provision for her care?

Question

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Many individual states had statutes that allowed patients to dictate their future healthcare wishes in a legally recognized fashion if they were unable to do so when a life-threatening situation arose.Then,in the wake of the first U.S.Supreme Court case to deal with the issue-Cruzan v.Director,Missouri Department of Health,497 U.S.261 (1990)-the U.S.Congress in 1991 passed the Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA)to extend legal protection to all U.S.citizens and residents.Under the Act,patients have the legal right to accept or refuse medical treatment,including resuscitation,even if refusal will likely result in death.

Monica Sorensen,a Patient with End-Stage Pancreatic Cancer,was Admitted from Hospice