Local anesthesia,or monitored anesthesia care (MAC),is used for most ophthalmic surgery.The local anesthetic regimen,administered by the operative surgeon,is typically a combination of anesthesia delivery methods,or routes.Select the anesthetic plan that is administered by the surgeon before the start of surgery.
A) Subconjunctival block and topical anesthetic eye ointment
B) Topical anesthetic eye drops,subconjunctival infiltration,and retrobulbar block
C) Ganglionic infiltration and periorbital block of the anterior chamber
D) Peribulbar infusion into Tenon's capsule and periorbital skin infiltration

Question

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The topical method of local anesthesia has gained popularity for cataract extraction procedures.A combination of anesthetic eye drops is instilled into the eye and may be supplemented with infiltration of preservative-free anesthetic into the anterior chamber.Selection of patients for the topical method requires that they can cooperate and follow verbal commands to keep their eyes open and look up or down.The infiltration method involves the surgeon injecting the anesthetic solution beneath the skin,beneath the conjunctiva (subconjunctival),or into Tenon's capsule,depending on the type of surgery.The most common technique for regional anesthesia in eye surgery is a peribulbar block.The anesthetic is injected around the soft tissue of the globe after the needle is directed to the floor (inferior)or roof (superior)of the orbit.Retrobulbar block is injection of anesthetic solution into the base of the eyelids at the level of the orbital margins or behind the eyeball to block the ciliary ganglion and nerves.

Local Anesthesia,or Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC),is Used for Most Ophthalmic