Depending on the surgical defect,head and neck surgical procedures to remove malignant tumors may also involve reconstructive procedures.The wound may be closed primarily,or local flaps and split-thickness skin grafts or full-thickness skin grafts may be used to restore function as well as cover defects.An important role of the perioperative nurse in the ongoing assessment of graft integrity includes which assessment tool?

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If microvascular flaps are used,surgical and anesthesia time is extended significantly (approximately 8 to 12 hours);because veins and arteries are microscopically connected,nerve grafts may be used,and bone must be connected with the use of plates and screws.The use of a Doppler unit (intraoperatively and postoperatively)and thorough nursing assessment skills are paramount in detecting occlusions or spasms of the vessels and subsequent survival of the transplanted flap.

Depending on the Surgical Defect,head and Neck Surgical Procedures to Remove