Formerly,ventricular assist devices were reserved for those patients who could not be weaned from CPB after open-heart operations,or who had end-stage cardiomyopathy.Current indications and choices have expanded and a variety of active and passive devices are available to support the circulation for short-,intermediate-,and long-term support.Select the statement that best describes a passive method of assisted circulation.

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Biologic assistance in the form of an autogenous muscle wrap (cardiomyoplasty)may be useful in some patients who may not be candidates for transplantation,but the procedure is used infrequently.The left latissimus dorsi muscle is dissected from the back and repositioned around the heart,where it is sewn around the ventricle.This (skeletal)muscle is then transformed into a continuously beating muscle by a cardiomyostimulator that paces the muscle with increasing frequency,allowing the muscle to become fatigue-resistant.The muscle wrap squeezes the heart in synchronization with natural electrical impulses moving through the heart muscle.

Formerly,ventricular Assist Devices Were Reserved for Those Patients Who Could