Young Children Are Predisposed to Parasympathetic Hypertonia (Increased Vagal Tone),which

Young children are predisposed to parasympathetic hypertonia (increased vagal tone) ,which can be induced by:

A) painful stimuli such as eye surgery or abdominal retraction.
B) anxiety stimuli such as separation from a parent.
C) environmental stimuli such as loud noise or flashes of light.
D) thermal stimuli such as ambient excessive heat or cold.